The Importance Of Rnas In Molecular Biology - 741 Words

A lot has been discovered in the world of molecular biology especially revelations of the RNA world. Non-coding RNAs form a major part of it. A lot more of the human genome is transcribed than as initially thought and regulation is one of the major processes the non-coding RNAs (which though transcribed do not end up producing proteins) perform. These regulatory RNAs can be small like miRNAs, siRNAs, snRNAs of the spliceosome, snoRNAs for large RNA processing etc. or they can be long as in the case of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)1. Given their role in regulation these molecules play an important role in cellular biology and are therefore found critically involved in human diseases. Introduction The past few decades in Molecular Biology†¦show more content†¦faecalis plasmid pAD1 par addiction module where the formation of a stem loop in the 5’ end of it’s RNA 1 transcript confers antitoxity which in any other case as in the formation of a helix instead of the stem loop fails to do. The result might be change in properties that make the RNA unsuitable for translation5. On the other hand, intermolecular interactions, where a regulator RNA binds to a target RNA via complementary base pairing results in downstream regulatory consequences i.e the formation of the double helix and preventing the binding of protein to target or the formation of the helix itself facilitating binding of proteins like nucleases that in turn degrade the RNA and consequentially affect expression. Alternatively, what can be the case with regulation at the intermolecular level amongst RNA is that the duplex formation might be sequestering a region of the target that would have otherwise taken an alternative secondary structure required for its activity1. Topics in the article will discuss the various forms of RNA found to play key regulatory roles, many of them are involved in key intermolecular interactions that affect expression and hence find implication in human diseases. MicroRNAs MicroRNAs – short (22 bases) RNA molecules that play a key role in regulation at the translational level. A few are known to bind to promoter regions of genes and affect transcription. A total of about a 1000 genes in the human genome codeShow MoreRelatedWhat Is A Gene?1446 Words   |  6 Pagessince then, many studies have disclosed the complicated pattern of regulation and expression of genes, which involve RNA synthesis and its subsequent translation into proteins. Nowadays, if we define genes from a physical/molecular point of view, we usually consider them as a specific sequence of DNA (and its control region), which is inheritable and codes for a product (Protein or RNA) that has a functional activity in the cell (Pearson, 2006). This definition was originally coined based on the ideaRead MoreRna World Theory, A Possible Theory For Life Origin. 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